Giving a Presentation

    • Giving a Presentation

      Here are some useful tips that can be handy when giving a presentation, if you know any more, please post them below



      a) Its good to have a short introduction, where you can greet the audience, introduce yourself, state the topic of your presentation and how long will it take

      b) Give your listeners a brief outline of your presentation at the beginning so they know what your main points will be

      c) Make brief notes on each section. Have the notes for each section on separate cards in front of you. Don’t try and read your presentation – use the notes to remind you about the main points only

      d) Don’t memorise. This way you will hesitate and then forget

      e) Don’t rush. Pause to think and gather your thoughts if you need to

      f) Let your listeners know when you are moving on to a new point

      g) Explain that you will be allowing time for questions at the end (either at the end of each main point, or at the end of the whole presentation) so that you don’t have to deal with interruptions. Its better if you do this in the introduction

      h) Make good use of Visual aids and handouts, if appropriate

      i) Use body language sufficiently

      j) If you use visual aids, try not to give the audience your back whilst explaining

      k) Use intonations (sound variation). Don’t just speak at the same level. Make your voice up and down. Also, keep your voice loud and clear, but don’t shout

      l) Have a conclusion at the end of the presentation, summarising what you’ve covered in your presentation. Then allow time for questions at the end if so stated in your introduction

      m) Invite the audience to ask questions at the end

      n) Use the ‘playing for time’ phrases if someone asks you a difficult question

      :eek:




      [COLOR='00BFFF']S[/COLOR][COLOR='05B9FD']t[/COLOR][COLOR='0AB2FB']r[/COLOR][COLOR='0EACF8']u[/COLOR][COLOR='13A6F6']c[/COLOR][COLOR='189FF4']t[/COLOR][COLOR='1D99F2']u[/COLOR][COLOR='2292EF']r[/COLOR][COLOR='278CED']i[/COLOR][COLOR='2B86EB']n[/COLOR][COLOR='307FE9']g[/COLOR][COLOR='3579E7'] [/COLOR][COLOR='3A73E4']t[/COLOR][COLOR='3F6CE2']h[/COLOR][COLOR='3F65E2']e[/COLOR][COLOR='3A5DE4'] [/COLOR][COLOR='3556E7']p[/COLOR][COLOR='304EE9']r[/COLOR][COLOR='2B46EB']e[/COLOR][COLOR='273EED']s[/COLOR][COLOR='2236EF']e[/COLOR][COLOR='1D2FF2']n[/COLOR][COLOR='1827F4']t[/COLOR][COLOR='131FF6']a[/COLOR][COLOR='0E17F8']t[/COLOR][COLOR='0A10FB']i[/COLOR][COLOR='0508FD']o[/COLOR][COLOR='0000FF']n[/COLOR]
      First of all we’ll look at
      Then I’ll move on to
      Now I’d like to present
      Now I’d like to explain
      To round up I’ll


      [COLOR='00BFFF']P[/COLOR][COLOR='09B4FB']l[/COLOR][COLOR='11A8F7']a[/COLOR][COLOR='1A9DF3']y[/COLOR][COLOR='2391EF']i[/COLOR][COLOR='2B86EB']n[/COLOR][COLOR='347AE7']g[/COLOR][COLOR='3D6FE3'] [/COLOR][COLOR='3D62E3']f[/COLOR][COLOR='3454E7']o[/COLOR][COLOR='2B46EB']r[/COLOR][COLOR='2338EF'] [/COLOR][COLOR='1A2AF3']t[/COLOR][COLOR='111CF7']i[/COLOR][COLOR='090EFB']m[/COLOR][COLOR='0000FF']e[/COLOR]
      Now that’s a very interesting question
      I’m glad you brought that point up
      I’m glad you asked me that

    • |aIt is really very good topic |a

      Thanks alot
      أكتب ما اشعر به وأقول ما أنا مؤمن به انقل هموم المجتمع لتصل الي المسئولين وفي النهاية كلنا نخدم الوطن والمواطن

    • well done brother#d

      In a subject i took in the summer of this year named (Public Speaking) i remember the professor, when lacturing about organizing a speech, saying first: " Someone once said that every speech has three tell 'ems. First you tell 'em what you are going to tell 'em; then you tell 'em; and, finally, you tell 'em what you told 'em.
      It made it simlpe to understand that the basic idea of the three parts of every speech are: 1. the introduction, 2. the body, 3. the conclussion


      Tips and Tactics


      here are seven steps for organizing your speech:

      1. Open with impact. here you wanna capture your audience's attention.

      2. Focus on your thesis statement. Here, you wanna draw the audience's attention to the main or central point of your speech.

      3. Connect with your audience. Here, you wnna let the audience know "what's in it for them .

      4. Preview the body of your speech. Here, is where you tell your audience what you are going to tell them in the body of the speech.

      5. Present your main points. Here you wanna present the body of your speech. This step constitutes the bulk of your presentation.

      6. Summarize your main points. Here, you wanna tell the audience what you've told them.

      7. Close with impact. Here, you wanna leave your audience with a lasting impression

      In case anyone would be interasted in learning more about hese steps then i'll be more than ready to illustrate on them adding some examples too

      Generally, a good presenter needs to have confidence, suffitient preparation and practice before hand, selecting a topic of interest to own self and the audience, good management of time, organization, adequate research, and adequate knowledge on what is to be presented ( credability) which would prevent facing unexpected situations such as strong questions from the audience$$7..... you always need to be srtonger than your audience for your topic to be interesting to them

      There is actually much more than that ................ yet i think Master did a wonderful job on it, in a simple way, clear, and very helpful

      so long everyone|e

    • It is a wonderful topic and I never hesitate to read this topic from the first time
      I open it because all of us have presentations,,It might be in your class, work even
      In your house between your family,, Also it is very important to have an interesting
      Idea to your introduction.. Because the interesting and good introduction depend
      To the whole presentation and this will encourage audience to listen carefully to
      You while you are presenting your topic,,

      Thank you very Much The master and also endurance..I really enjoyed reading this topic<<<

      See u all
      $$e$$e$$e

    • Presentations and Public Speaking in English

      Hi there, am back again #e. The fact is that i couldn't leave this topic at this stage. I find the process of giving presentatios really important. This is why i've decided to take a more detailed approch into tackling this topic
      Basically to recap on what we've already went through, A presentation is a formal talk to one or more people that "presents" ideas or information in a clear, structured way. People are sometimes afraid of speaking in public, but if you follow a few simple rules, giving a presentation is actually very easy. The following topics would go through the stages of giving a presentation from the very beginging


      Note: These are chosen and edited as appropriate from the English Club Website

    • Stage 1: Introduction

      Introduction

      All presentations have a common objective. People give presentations because they want to communicate in order to:

      inform
      train
      persuade
      sell


      A successful presentation is one of the most effective ways of communicating your message. And because English is so widely used in international business, a working knowledge of the vocabulary and techniques used in an English language presentation is a valuable asset.

      We will start by exploring

      the importance of preparation

      After that, we will consider

      what equipment to use

      Then we will look at

      how to "deliver" a presentation.

      After Delivery, we will examine

      the language of presentations

      before moving on to

      the presentation itself

      Finally, we will conclude with

      a review of what we have covered

    • Stage 2: Preperation

      Preparation

      Can you name the 3 most important things when giving any presentation

      Number 1 is . . . Preparation

      Number 2 is . . . Preparation!

      Number 3 is . . . Preparation!!

      Preparation is everything!

      With good preparation and planning you will be totally confident and less nervous. And your audience will feel your confidence. Your audience, too, will be confident. They will be confident in you. And this will give you control. Control of your audience and of your presentation. With control, you will be 'in charge' and your audience will listen positively to your message.

      Objective

      Before you start to prepare a presentation, you should ask yourself: "Why am I making this presentation?" Do you need to inform, to persuade, to train or to sell? Your objective should be clear in your mind. If it is not clear in your mind, it cannot possibly be clear to your audience


      Audience

      "Who am I making this presentation to?" Sometimes this will be obvious, but not always. You should try to inform yourself. How many people? Who are they? Business people? Professional people? Political people? Experts or non-experts? Will it be a small, intimate group of 4 colleagues or a large gathering of 400 competitors? How much do they know already and what will they expect from you

      Venue

      "Where am I making this presentation?" In a small hotel meeting-room or a large conference hall? What facilities and equipment are available? What are the seating arrangements

      Time and length

      "When am I making this presentation and how long will it be?" Will it be 5 minutes or 1 hour? Just before lunch, when your audience will be hungry, or just after lunch, when your audience will be sleepy

      Method

      How should I make this presentation?" What approach should you use? Formal or informal? Lots of visual aids or only a few? Will you include some anecdotes and humour for variety

      Content

      "What should I say?" Now you must decide exactly what you want to say. First, you should brainstorm your ideas. You will no doubt discover many ideas that you want to include in your presentation. But you must be selective. You should include only information that is relevant to your audience and your objective. You should exclude all other ideas. You also need to create a title for your presentation (if you have not already been given a title). The title will help you to focus on the subject. And you will prepare your visual aids, if you have decided to use them. But remember, in general, less is better than more (a little is better than a lot). You can always give additional information during the questions after the presentation

      Structure

      A well organised presentation with a clear structure is easier for the audience to follow. It is therefore more effective. You should organise the points you wish to make in a logical order. Most presentations are organised in three parts, followed by questions:

      Beginning: Short introduction
      A.welcome your audience
      B.introduce your subject
      C.explain the structure of your presentation
      D.explain rules for questions

      Middle: Body of presentation
      A.present the subject itself

      End: Short conclusion
      A.summarise your presentation
      B.thank your audience
      C.invite questions


      Notes

      When you give your presentation, you should be - or appear to be - as spontaneous as possible. You should not read your presentation! You should be so familiar with your subject and with the information that you want to deliver that you do not need to read a text. Reading a text is boring! Reading a text will make your audience go to sleep! So if you don't have a text to read, how can you remember to say everything you need to say? With notes. You can create your own system of notes. Some people make notes on small, A6 cards. Some people write down just the title of each section of their talk. Some people write down keywords to remind them. The notes will give you confidence, but because you will have prepared your presentation fully, you may not even need them

      Rehearsal

      Rehearsal is a vital part of preparation. You should leave time to practise your presentation two or three times. This will have the following benefits:

      you will become more familiar with what you want to say
      you will identify weaknesses in your presentation
      you will be able to practise difficult pronunciations
      you will be able to check the time that your presentation takes and make any necessary modifications
      So prepare, prepare, prepare! Prepare everything: words, visual aids, timing, equipment. Rehearse your presentation several times and time it. Is it the right length? Are you completely familiar with all your illustrations? Are they in the right order? Do you know who the audience is? How many people? How will you answer difficult questions? Do you know the room? Are you confident about the equipment? When you have answered all these questions, you will be a confident, enthusiastic presenter ready to communicate the subject of your presentation to an eager audience


      Thats it for now, I'll be back soon with the rest of the stages.|e My regards

    • Stage 3: Delivery

      Delivery
      'Delivery' refers to the way in which you actually deliver or perform or give your presentation. Delivery is a vital aspect of all presentations. Delivery is at least as important as content, especially in a multi-cultural context


      Nerves
      Most speakers are a little nervous at the beginning of a presentation. So it is normal if you are nervous. The answer is to pay special attention to the beginning of your presentation. First impressions count. This is the time when you establish a rapport with your audience. During this time, try to speak slowly and calmly. You should perhaps learn your introduction by heart. After a few moments, you will relax and gain confidence


      Audience Rapport
      You need to build a warm and friendly relationship with your audience. Enthusiasm is contagious. If you are enthusiastic your audience will be enthusiastic too. And be careful to establish eye contact with each member of your audience. Each person should feel that you are speaking directly to him or her. This means that you must look at each person in turn - in as natural a way as possible. This will also give you the opportunity to detect signs of boredom, disinterest or even disagreement, allowing you to modify your presentation as appropriate


      Your objective is to communicate!


      Body Language
      What you do not say is at least as important as what you do say. Your body is speaking to your audience even before you open your mouth. Your clothes, your walk, your glasses, your haircut, your expression - it is from these that your audience forms its first impression as you enter the room. Generally speaking, it is better to stand rather than sit when making a presentation. Be aware of and avoid any repetitive and irritating gestures. Be aware, too, that the movement of your body is one of your methods of control. When you move to or from the whiteboard, for example, you can move fast or slowly, raising or reducing the dynamism within the audience. You can stand very still while talking or you can stroll from side to side. What effect do you think these two different approaches would have on an audience


      Cultural Considerations
      Because English is so widely used around the world, it is quite possible that many members of your audience will not be native English-speakers. In other words, they will not have an Anglo-Saxon culture. Even within the Anglo-Saxon world, there are many differences in culture. If we hypothetically imagine a German working for an Italian company making a presentation in English to a Japanese audience in Korea, we can see that there are even more possibilities for cultural misunderstanding. You should try to learn about any particular cultural matters that may affect your audience. This is one reason why preparation for your presentation is so important. Cultural differences can also be seen in body language, which we have just discussed. To a Latin from Southern France or Italy, a presenter who uses his hands and arms when speaking may seem dynamic and friendly. To an Englishman, the same presenter may seem unsure of his words and lacking in self-confidence


      Voice quality
      It is, of course, important that your audience be able to hear you clearly throughout your presentation. Remember that if you turn away from your audience, for example towards the whiteboard, you need to speak a little more loudly. In general, you should try to vary your voice. Your voice will then be more interesting for your audience. You can vary your voice in at least three ways:

      speed: you can speak at normal speed, you can speak faster, you can speak more slowly - and you can stop completely! You can pause. This is a very good technique for gaining your audience's attention.

      intonation: you can change the pitch of your voice. You can speak in a high tone. You can speak in a low tone

      volume: you can speak at normal volume, you can speak loudly and you can speak quietly. Lowering your voice and speaking quietly can again attract your audience's interest

      The important point is not to speak in the same, flat, monotonous voice throughout your presentation - this is the voice that hypnotists use to put their patients' into trance!


      Visual aids
      Of all the information that enters our brains, the vast majority of it enters through the eyes. 80% of what your audience learn during your presentation is learned visually (what they see) and only 20% is learned aurally (what they hear). The significance of this is obvious:

      visual aids are an extremely effective means of communication
      non-native English speakers need not worry so much about spoken English - they can rely more heavily on visual aids
      It is well worth spending time in the creation of good visual aids. But it is equally important not to overload your audience's brains. Keep the information on each visual aid to a minimum - and give your audience time to look at and absorb this information. Remember, your audience have never seen these visual aids before. They need time to study and to understand them. Without understanding there is no communication.

      Apart from photographs and drawings, some of the most useful visual aids are charts and graphs, like the 3-dimensional ones shown here:


      Piecharts are circular in shape (like a pie


      Barcharts can be vertical or horizontal


      Graphs can rise and fall



      Audience Reaction
      Remain calm and polite if you receive difficult or even hostile questions during your presentation. If you receive particularly awkward questions, you might suggest that the questioners ask their questions after your presentation


      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    • Language

      Language
      Say what you are going to say,

      Simplicity and Clarity
      If you want your audience to understand your message, your language must be simple and clear.

      Use short words and short sentences

      Do not use jargon, unless you are certain that your audience understands it.

      In general, talk about concrete facts rather than abstract ideas.

      Use active verbs instead of passive verbs. Active verbs are much easier to understand. They are much more powerful. Consider these two sentences, which say the same thing

      A.Toyota sold two million cars last year
      B.Two million cars were sold by Toyota last year

      Which is easier to understand? Which is more immediate? Which is more powerful? N°1 is active and N°2 is passive


      Signposting

      When you drive on the roads, you know where you are on those roads. Each road has a name or number. Each town has a name. And each house has a number. If you are at house N° 100, you can go back to N° 50 or forward to N° 150. You can look at the signposts for directions. And you can look at your atlas for the structure of the roads in detail. In other words, it is easy to navigate the roads. You cannot get lost. But when you give a presentation, how can your audience know where they are? How can they know the structure of your presentation? How can they know what is coming next? They know because you tell them. Because you put up signposts for them, at the beginning and all along the route. This technique is called 'signposting' (or 'signalling').

      During your introduction, you should tell your audience what the structure of your presentation will be. You might say something like this:

      "I'll start by describing the current position in Europe. Then I'll move on to some of the achievements we've made in Asia. After that I'll consider the opportunities we see for further expansion in Africa. Lastly, I'll quickly recap before concluding with some recommendations."

      A member of the audience can now visualize your presentation like this

      Introduction
      A. Welcome
      B.Explanation of structure (now

      Body Europe
      A.Asia
      B.Africa

      Conclusion Summing up
      Recommendations


      He will keep this image in his head during the presentation. He may even write it down. And throughout your presentation, you will put up signposts telling him which point you have reached and where you are going now. When you finish Europe and want to start Asia, you might say:

      "That's all I have to say about Europe. Let's turn now to Asia."
      When you have finished Africa and want to sum up, you might say:

      "Well, we've looked at the three continents Europe, Asia and Africa. I'd like to sum up now."
      And when you finish summing up and want to give your recommendations, you might say:

      "What does all this mean for us? Well, firstly I recommend..."
      The table below lists useful expressions that you can use to signpost the various parts of your presentation

      Signposting


      Introducing the subject
      I'd like to start by
      Let's begin by
      First of all, I'll
      Starting with
      I'll begin by

      Finishing one subject...
      Well, I've told you about...
      That's all I have to say about...
      We've looked at...
      So much for...

      ...and starting another
      Now we'll move on to...
      Let me turn now to...
      Next...
      Turning to...
      I'd like now to discuss...
      Let's look now at...

      Analysing a point and giving recommendations
      Where does that lead us
      Let's consider this in more detail...
      What does this mean for ABC?
      Translated into real terms...

      Giving an example
      For example,...
      A good example of this is...
      As an illustration,...
      To give you an example,...
      To illustrate this point...

      Dealing with questions
      We'll be examining this point in more detail later on...
      I'd like to deal with this question later, if I may...
      I'll come back to this question later in my talk...
      Perhaps you'd like to raise this point at the end...
      I won't comment on this now...

      Summarising and concluding
      In conclusion,...
      Right, let's sum up, shall we
      I'd like now to recap...
      Let's summarise briefly what we've looked at...
      Finally, let me remind you of some of the issues we've covered...
      If I can just sum up the main points...

      Ordering
      Firstly...secondly...thirdly...lastly...
      First of all...then...next...after that...finally...
      To start with...later...to finish up...