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عبالي بطاطس عمان:do7k3::do7k3::do7k3::do7k3:

:do7k3::do7k3::do7k3:

سوري لو بيدي عطيتك

Oman the Past & Present
There is a lot to tell about the past life conditions in Oman before the era of His Majesty the Sultan Qaboos and all that epoch of time was full of agony and low spirits of life conduct. People were in the most deteriorated poor circumstances and they were living like shrouds and no one can manage his basic necessities of daily life. Food was scarce and water as well and all the inhabitants of the land were living the most miserable conditions one can imagine. Ignorance and illiteracy were prevailing on the whole scope of Omani lands and nothing can be described as a genuine institution of knowledge was found during the dark years. Undoubtedly the Omani civilization was of great power and influence at its time of the Imams but that type of civilization in comparison to the criterions of the advanced life is nothing at all. So most of the dwellers of the land were mere simple farmers who know nothing about the outside world and even did not hear about its conflicts or vicissitudes and that glooming atmosphere brought more and more of stagnation to the wheel of development in the shredded country. Tribal disputes spread and people killed each other for trivial reasons and mayhem can be found every where on the land. The conflicts came upon Falajs and on how water can be distributed between them and every tribe or group of people were asking for the biggest share of it. Foes were not brought to swift settlement and the judicial system was very poor and weak to settle any big mess. Transportation was on mules and rarely horses with big dignitaries are located.

Here as follows the major evens in the Omani history:
Major Milestones in the History of Oman
From as early as 5000 BC, Oman has at various times played a prominent role in the history of both Arabia and the area beyond. The following are some key dates in Oman’s history:
Prehistory:
Evidence of isolated coastal and inland settlements. Graves at Ras al Hamra dated at 4th millennium BC.
ca. 3000-2000 BC:
Oman supplies Dilmun (Bahrein), Mesopotamia and Indus Valley with a range of raw materials including copper. Period of complex burials (Bat tombs near Ibri and Tower tombs in Eastern Hajar).
ca. 2000-1000 BC:
Copper boom declines. Persians occupy Oman and settle along the coast. Arrival of Arab tribes.
ca. 1000-300 BC:
Camels domesticated, falaj system introduced and rapid growth of agriculture. Cyrus the Great conquers Oman.
300 BC-226 AD:
Peak of trading of frankincense from Sumhuram in Dhofar. Azdites tribes under Malik bin Fahm arrive in Oman and defeat Persians.
AD 226-640:
Persians regain control of the Batinah coast (Sassanid period). The Al Azd continue to rule the Interior.
630:
Conversion of Oman to Islam.
751:
Julanda bin Masud elected first Imam.
8th-10th century:
Arab trading and seafaring rapidly expands with Sohar as the centre of maritime activities.
1250-1507:
Island-state of Hormuz establishes sovereignty over the coast of Oman.
1507-1624:
Portuguese under Albuquerque capture Qalhat, Quriyat, Muscat, Sohar and Hormuz, and control trade in the Indian Ocean. Forts Mirani and Jalali in Muscat built.
1624:
Nasir bin Murshid, first Imam of the Ya-ruba dynasty elected. Portuguese driven back to Mutrah-Muscat.
1624-1718:
Ya-ruba dynasty rules Oman. Portuguese expelled from Oman in 1650. Omani fleet captures Portuguese colonies in East Africa, India and Persia. Building of forts in Nizwa, Jabrin, Rustaq and Hazm.
1718-1747:
Civil war between Ghafiri and Hinawi tribes following disagreements on succession of Imam. Persia called in to assist and occupies parts of Oman.
1747:
Ahmad bin Said drives the Persians from Oman and is elected first Imam of the Al Bu Said dynasty.
1804-1856:
Reign of Sayyid Said bin Sultan Al Bu Said. Golden era of prosperity and expansion for Oman. Seat of government transferred from Muscat to Zanzibar. On the death of Sayyid Said, Oman and Zanzibar are divided into separate sultanates.
1868-1920:
Steady decline of Oman as a maritime power due to opening of the Suez Canal and coming of steam shipping. Period of discord between the Sultan ruling the coastal areas and the Imam controlling the Interior.
1920:
Agreement at Seeb between Sultan and Imam on respective spheres of control.
1952-1955:
Buraimi conflict between Saudi Arabia and Abu Dhabi and Oman.
1954-1959:
Imamate conflict under Ghalib bin Ali, also referred to as the Jebel War.
1965-1975:
Communist-led rebellion in Dhofar.
1967: First commercial oil produced in Oman.
1970: Accession of HM Sultan Qaboos bin Said as eighth ruler from the Al Bu Said dynasty.
1970-today:
Oman’s Renaissance. Three decades of large-scale developments in infrastructure, health, education, communication, agriculture, fishing, mining, etc. Oman transformed from an almost medieval country into a modern fully equipped state, taking its rightful place among its neighbours and the rest of the world.

The renaissance led by His Majesty moved Oman and its people to the bosom of the new world and the changes his majesty made to the country in the short span of time are the greatest among the rest of the achievement made at the gulf region. __________________

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